A recurring engine overheating issue can be equal parts terrifying and frustrating. So to help ensure things stay cool—even if you’re blasting the A/C on a scorching summer day—we’ve put together some general tips, techniques, and advice on cooling system performance.
Airflow is Everything
If you’re still in the middle of your build, plan adequate space around the radiator, fan, and fan shroud.
Coolant transfers heat to the tubes, the tubes transfer heat to the fins, and without proper airflow, a radiator is just a reservoir for hot water.
Speaking of airflow, whenever possible, choose an electric fan over a mechanical one. Electric fans deliver maximum airflow independent of engine speed, making them ideal while idling or low-speed cruising.
Fans: Pusher vs. Puller & Mechanical vs. Electric
Puller fans (that pull air through the radiator from behind it) are always preferred over pusher fans (that are placed in front of the radiator and push air through). Mounting a push-style fan in front of the radiator can interfere with airflow at highway speeds.
Select a fan that covers as much of the core surface area as possible; wider cores might require two fans or a fan shroud.
Fan shrouds play an essential role in the cooling system: in applications with an engine-driven fan, or
smaller/multiple electric fans, they help funnel air through the entire core for the best efficiency.
Water Pump Pulleys, Caps & Thermostat
Underdrive water pump pulleys can free up drive horsepower, but sometimes compromise water pump efficiency. Overdriving the pump by 30 to 35% or using a high-flow water pump can improve heat exchange through the radiator.
Always use the recommended radiator cap and verify the pressure rating. Each pound of pressure raises the coolant boiling temperature by 3° F—a 16 psi cap raises the boiling point to 260° F.
It’s essential to run your engine with a thermostat. Engines have a recommended operating temperature range of 180°F to 220°F. Operating your engine at the correct temperature reduces wear, promotes complete combustion, and vaporizes moisture in the crankcase, which gets drawn out by the PCV system.
More Helpful Cooling System Tech Articles
These are some of the common considerations. If you are experiencing cooling issues, we’ve got a handful of articles that can help.
- A Quick Guide to Troubleshooting Common Cooling System Problems
- How to Clean Your Cooling System with an Easy Chemical Flush
- Cooling System Tech 101: Debunking Myths & Offering Solutions
- 8 Essential Cooling System Checks
- A Basic Cooling System Troubleshooting Guide
- 10 Components to Inspect When Solving an Overheating Engine
- How to Spot Bad Coolant Hoses & Pick the Best Replacements
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